| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
-Nørrelykke1,2,
1 Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
02115; and 2 Rugjer Bo
kovi Institute, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia
Adherent cells exert tractions on their surroundings. These tractions can be measured by observing the displacements of beads embedded on a flexible gel substrate on which the cells are cultured. This paper presents an exact solution to the problem of computing the traction field from the observed displacement field. The solution rests on recasting the relationship between displacements and tractions into Fourier space, where the recovery of the traction field is especially simple. We present two subcases of the solution, depending on whether or not tractions outside the observed cell boundaries are set to be zero. The implementation is computationally efficient. We also give the solution for the traction field in a representative human airway smooth muscle cell contracted by treatment with histamine. Finally, we give explicit formulas for reducing the traction and displacement fields to contraction moments, the orientation of the principal axes of traction, and the strain energy imparted by the cell to the substrate.
displacement fields; fluorescent beads
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  P. W. Oakes, D. C. Patel, N. A. Morin, D. P. Zitterbart, B. Fabry, J. S. Reichner, and J. X. Tang Neutrophil morphology and migration are affected by substrate elasticity Blood, August 13, 2009; 114(7): 1387 - 1395. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Na, F. Chowdhury, B. Tay, M. Ouyang, M. Gregor, Y. Wang, G. Wiche, and N. Wang Plectin contributes to mechanical properties of living cells Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, April 1, 2009; 296(4): C868 - C877. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Rosel, J. Brabek, O. Tolde, C. T. Mierke, D. P. Zitterbart, C. Raupach, K. Bicanova, P. Kollmannsberger, D. Pankova, P. Vesely, et al. Up-Regulation of Rho/ROCK Signaling in Sarcoma Cells Drives Invasion and Increased Generation of Protrusive Forces Mol. Cancer Res., September 1, 2008; 6(9): 1410 - 1420. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. A. Addae-Mensah and J. P. Wikswo Measurement Techniques for Cellular Biomechanics In Vitro Experimental Biology and Medicine, July 1, 2008; 233(7): 792 - 809. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. E. Fredenburgh, O. D. Liang, A. A. Macias, T. R. Polte, X. Liu, D. F. Riascos, S. W. Chung, S. L. Schissel, D. E. Ingber, S. A. Mitsialis, et al. Absence of Cyclooxygenase-2 Exacerbates Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension and Enhances Contractility of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Circulation, April 22, 2008; 117(16): 2114 - 2122. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Gavara, R. Sunyer, P. Roca-Cusachs, R. Farre, M. Rotger, and D. Navajas Thrombin-induced contraction in alveolar epithelial cells probed by traction microscopy J Appl Physiol, August 1, 2006; 101(2): 512 - 520. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. M. Goffin, P. Pittet, G. Csucs, J. W. Lussi, J.-J. Meister, and B. Hinz Focal adhesion size controls tension-dependent recruitment of {alpha}-smooth muscle actin to stress fibers J. Cell Biol., January 16, 2006; 172(2): 259 - 268. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. S. An, C. M. Pennella, A. Gonnabathula, J. Chen, N. Wang, M. Gaestel, P. M. Hassoun, J. J. Fredberg, and U. S. Kayyali Hypoxia alters biophysical properties of endothelial cells via p38 MAPK- and Rho kinase-dependent pathways Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, September 1, 2005; 289(3): C521 - C530. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Stamenovic, B. Suki, B. Fabry, N. Wang, J. J. Fredberg, and J. E. Buy Rheology of airway smooth muscle cells is associated with cytoskeletal contractile stress J Appl Physiol, May 1, 2004; 96(5): 1600 - 1605. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Hu, J. Chen, B. Fabry, Y. Numaguchi, A. Gouldstone, D. E. Ingber, J. J. Fredberg, J. P. Butler, and N. Wang Intracellular stress tomography reveals stress focusing and structural anisotropy in cytoskeleton of living cells Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, November 1, 2003; 285(5): C1082 - C1090. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. E. Ingber Tensegrity I. Cell structure and hierarchical systems biology J. Cell Sci., April 1, 2003; 116(7): 1157 - 1173. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. M. Tolic-Norrelykke, J. P. Butler, J. Chen, and N. Wang Spatial and temporal traction response in human airway smooth muscle cells Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, October 1, 2002; 283(4): C1254 - C1266. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. S. An, R. E. Laudadio, J. Lai, R. A. Rogers, and J. J. Fredberg Stiffness changes in cultured airway smooth muscle cells Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, September 1, 2002; 283(3): C792 - C801. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Wang, I. M. Tolic-Norrelykke, J. Chen, S. M. Mijailovich, J. P. Butler, J. J. Fredberg, and D. Stamenovic Cell prestress. I. Stiffness and prestress are closely associated in adherent contractile cells Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, March 1, 2002; 282(3): C606 - C616. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Stamenovic, S. M. Mijailovich, I. M. Tolic-Norrelykke, J. Chen, and N. Wang Cell prestress. II. Contribution of microtubules Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, March 1, 2002; 282(3): C617 - C624. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
