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Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Kinesiology, and Lawson Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 3K7
Exercise has been demonstrated as a
physiological inducer of heat shock protein (HSP)70. Many of the
proposed signals of this response exhibit sexual dimorphism. Thus the
present objectives were to determine whether HSP70 induction after
exercise exhibits gender specificity and to elucidate the mechanisms
underlying such a phenomenon. Postexercise HSP70 induction in skeletal
muscle was greater in male than female rats at the level of protein and mRNA (P = 0.005). Moreover, placebo-treated
ovariectomized animals demonstrated a greater HSP70 response to
exercise than those treated with estrogen (P = 0.015 and 0.019 for protein and mRNA, respectively). These findings indicate
that the gender-specific HSP70 response to exercise is mediated by the
female-specific hormone estrogen. Compounds structurally related to
17
-estradiol, the major endogenous estrogen, but which do not
activate the estrogen receptor, also attenuated HSP70 induction with
exercise (P < 0.01), indicating a nongenomic hormonal
mechanism. These findings highlight a specific example of the
biological differences between males and females and reiterate the
physiological effects of sex hormones extending beyond their roles in
reproductive function.
heat shock protein; rat; gender; skeletal muscle damage
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