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Am J Physiol Cell Physiol (December 12, 2001). doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00454.2001
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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print December 12, 2001
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, 10.1152/ajpcell.00454.2001
Submitted on September 24, 2001
Accepted on December 9, 2001

Estrogen pretreatment protects males againts hypoxia-induced immune depression

Markus W Knoferl1, Martin G Schwacha1, Doraid Jarrar1, Martin K Angele1, Keith Fragoza1, Kirby I Bland1, and Irshad H Chaudry1*

1 Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: irshad.chaudry{at}ccc.uab.edu.

Hypoxemia depresses cell-mediated immune functions in males, whereas proestrus females do not show such a depression. We hypothesized that elevated systemic estradiol levels in proestrus females prevents hypoxemia-induced immune depression. To study this, male C3H/HeN mice were pretreated with 17ß-estradiol (E2, 40 µg/kg BW, s.c.) or vehicle for three days prior to induction of hypoxemia and again immediately before the induction of hypoxia. The mice were subjected to hypoxemia (95% N2-5%O2) or sham hypoxemia (room air) for 60 minutes. Plasma and spleen cells were collected 2 hrs thereafter. In vehicle treated mice, splenocyte proliferation, IL-2 and IL-3 production were depressed following hypoxemia. E2-pretreated animals, however, displayed no such depression in splenic T-cell parameters following hypoxemia. Splenic macrophage cytokine production was also depressed in vehicle treated mice subjected to hypoxia, whereas it was normal in E2-pretreated mice. In summary, these findings indicate that administration of E2 prior to hypoxemia prevented the depression of cell-mediated immune functions. Thus, administration of 17ß-estradiol in high-risk patients prior to major surgery might decrease hypoxemia-induced immune depression under those conditions.




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