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1 Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kent{at}unr.edu.
Pacemaker potentials were recorded in situ from myenteric interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC-MY) in the mouse small intestine. The nature of the two components of pacemaker potentials (upstroke and plateau) was investigated and compared to slow waves recorded from circular muscle cells. Pacemaker potentials and slow waves were not blocked by nifedipine (3 µM). In the presence of nifedipine, mibefradil, a voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel blocker, reduced the amplitude, frequency and dV/dt max of pacemaker potentials and slow waves in a dose-dependent manner (1-30 µM). Mibefradil (30 µM) changed the pattern of pacemaker potentials from rapidly rising, high frequency events to slowly depolarizing low frequency events with considerable membrane noise (unitary potentials) between pacemaker potentials. Caffeine (3mM) abolished pacemaker potentials in the presence of mibefradil. Pinacidil (10 µM), an ATP-sensitive K+ channel opener, hyperpolarized ICC-MY and increased the amplitude and dV/dtmax without affecting frequency. Pinacidil hyperpolarized smooth muscle cells and attenuated the amplitude and dV/dtmax of slow waves without affecting frequency. The effects of pinacidil were blocked by glybenclamide (10 µM). These data suggest that slow waves are electrotonic potentials driven by pacemaker potentials. The upstroke component of pacemaker potentials is due to activation of dihydropyridine-resistant Ca2+ channels, and this depolarization entrains pacemaker activity to create the plateau potential. The plateau potential may be due to summation of unitary potentials generated by individual or small groups of pacemaker units in ICC-MY. Entrainment of unitary potentials appears to depend upon Ca2+ entry during the upstroke depolarization.
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