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Am J Physiol Cell Physiol (March 5, 2003). doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00264.2002
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Submitted on June 7, 2002
Accepted on February 10, 2003

Modulation of smooth muscle phenotype in vitro by homologous cell substrate

Florence Tao1*, Sofia Chaudry2, Barbara Tolloczko2, James G Martin2, and Suzanne M Kelly3

1 Physiology Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA; Medicine, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
2 Medicine, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
3 Novartis Pharmaceuticals Canada Inc., Dorval, QC, Canada; Medicine, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ftao{at}hsph.harvard.edu.

We have developed a novel cell culture system that supports the shortening of smooth muscle cells. Primary rat airway smooth muscle cells were plated on an ethanol-fixed, confluent monolayer of homologous smooth muscle cells (HCS). Cells grown on HCS exhibited morphological and functional characteristics consistent with a differentiated phenotype. Cells on HCS were spindle-shaped with a well-defined long axis whereas cells grown on glass were larger and irregularly shaped. Smooth muscle-specific {alpha}-actin immunostained diffusely in cells on HCS whereas they appeared as stress fibers in cells on glass. Agonists recruited a greater fraction of HCS cells to contract, resulting in greater changes in cell area or length on average, but the maximal capacity of shortening of individual cells was similar between the groups. Unlike cells on glass, cells on HCS shortened to methacholine. Cell shortening on HCS was reversible and persisted over several passages. Agonists stimulated intracellular calcium oscillations in cells on HCS whereas they elicited biphasic peak and plateau transients in cells on glass . HCS modulates smooth muscle cell phenotype in vitro.




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