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1 Molecular & Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: robbieg{at}scripps.edu.
Loss of myocardial cells via apoptosis has been observed in many cardiovascular diseases and has been shown to contribute to the initiation and progression of heart failure. The Bcl-2 family members are important regulators of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. These proteins decide whether the mitochondria should initiate the cell death program and release pro-apoptotic factors such as cytochrome c. The Bcl-2 proteins consist of both anti- and pro-apoptotic members and play a key role in regulating apoptosis in the myocardium. The anti-apoptotic proteins have been demonstrated to protect against various cardiac pathologies, whereas the pro-apoptotic proteins have been reported to contribute to heart disease. This review summarizes the current understanding of the role of Bcl-2 proteins in the heart.
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