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Am J Physiol Cell Physiol (June 8, 2005). doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00095.2005
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Submitted on March 4, 2005
Accepted on June 2, 2005

PAK1 Induces Podosome Formation in A7r5 Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in a PIX-dependent Manner

Bradley A Webb1, Robert Eves1, Scott W Crawley1, Shutang Zhou1, Graham P Cote1, and Alan S Mak1*

1 Department of Biochemistry and Protein Function Discovery Program, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: maka{at}post.queensu.ca.

Remodeling of the vascular smooth muscle cytoskeleton is essential for cell motility involved in the development of such diseases as arteriosclerosis and restenosis. The p21-activated kinase (PAK), which is an effector of the Rho GTPases Rac and Cdc42, has been shown to be involved in cytoskeletal remodeling and cell motility. We show here that expression of cytoskelatally-active constructs of PAK1 is able to induce the formation of dynamic, podosome-like F-actin columns in the vascular smooth muscle cell line A7r5. Most of these actin columns appear at the junctions between stress fibers and focal adhesions, and contain several known podosomal protein markers such as cortactin, Arp2/3, {alpha}-actinin, and vinculin. Kinase activity of PAK plays a role in the regulation of the turn-over rates of these actin columns but is not essential for their formation. The ability of PAK to interact with PIX but not Rac or Cdc42, however, is required for formation of the actin columns as well as translocation of PIX and GIT to focal adhesions adjacent to the actin columns. These findings suggest that interaction between PAK and PIX, and recruitment of PIX and GIT to focal adhesions plays an important role in the formation of actin columns which resemble podosomes induced by phorbol ester in vascular smooth muscle cells.




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