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1 Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ashishev{at}med.wayne.edu.
Perturbations in the intracellular PtdIns 3,5-P2 pool or the downstream transmission of PtdIns 3,5-P2 signals often result in a gradual development of gross morphological changes in the pleiomorphic multivesicular endosomes, culminating with the appearance of cytoplasmic vacuoles. To identify the onset of PtdIns 3,5-P2 functional requirements along the endocytic system, we characterized here morphological changes associated with early expression of the dominant-negative kinase-deficient form (K1831E) of the PtdIns 3,5-P2-producing kinase PIKfyve, prior to formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles in transfected COS cells. Enlarged PIKfyveK1831E-positive vesicles colocalizing with dilated EEA1- and Rab5aWT-positive perinuclear endosomes were observed. This was dependent on the presence of active forms of Rab5 and the generation of PtdIns 3-P-enriched platforms on early endosomes. Because PIKfyveWT did not substantially colocalize with EEA1- or Rab5-positive endosomes in COS cells, the dynamic PIKfyve-catalyzed PtdIns 3-to-PtdIns 3,5-P2 switch was suggested to drive away PIKfyveWT from early endosomes toward later compartments. Late endosomes/lysosomes marked by ectopically expressed LAMP1 or Rab7 were dislocated from their typical perinuclear position upon PIKfyveK1831E early expression. Cytosols derived from cells stably expressing PIKfyveK1831E stimulated endosome fusion in vitro, whereas PIKfyveWT-enriched cytosols had the opposite effect, consistent with PtdIns 3,5-P2 production negatively regulating the endosome fusion. Together, our data indicate that PtdIns 3,5-P2 defines specific endosome platforms at the onset of the degradation pathway to regulate the complex process of membrane remodeling and dynamics.
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