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MEMBRANE TRANSPORTERS, ION CHANNELS, AND PUMPS

Inhibition of the KCa3.1 channels by AMP-activated protein kinase in human airway epithelial cells

Groupe d'étude sur les protéines membranaires, Département de physiologie¹ and ²Département de médecine, Université de Montréal; ³Centre de recherche, (CR-CHUM)-Hôtel-Dieu Montréal, Quebec, Canada; and ⁴INSERM U866, Lipides-nutrition-cancer, Faculté de Médecine, Dijon 21079, France

Submitted 12 August 2008 ; accepted in final form 1 December 2008

The vectorial transport of ions and water across epithelial cells depends to a large extent on the coordination of the apical and basolateral ion fluxes with energy supply. In this work we provide the first evidence for a regulation by the 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) of the calcium-activated potassium channel KCa3.1 expressed at the basolateral membrane of a large variety of epithelial cells. Inside-out patch-clamp experiments performed on human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells stably transfected with KCa3.1 first revealed a decrease in KCa3.1 activity following the internal addition of AMP at a fixed ATP concentration. This effect was dose dependent with half inhibition at 140 µM AMP in 1 mM ATP. Evidence for an interaction between the COOH-terminal region of KCa3.1 and the 1-subunit of AMPK was next obtained by two-hybrid screening and pull-down experiments. Our two-hybrid analysis confirmed in addition that the amino acids extending from Asp³⁸⁰ to Ala⁴⁰⁰ in COOH-terminal were essential for the interaction AMPK-1/KCa3.1. Inside-out experiments on cells coexpressing KCa3.1 with the dominant negative AMPK-1-R299G mutant showed a reduced sensitivity of KCa3.1 to AMP, arguing for a functional link between KCa3.1 and the 1-subunit of AMPK. More importantly, coimmunoprecipitation experiments carried out on bronchial epithelial NuLi cells provided direct evidence for the formation of a KCa3.1/AMPK-1 complex at endogenous AMPK and KCa3.1 expression levels. Finally, treating NuLi monolayers with the membrane permeant AMPK activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) caused a significant decrease of the KCa3.1-mediated short-circuit currents, an effect reversible by coincubation with the AMPK inhibitor Compound C. These observations argue for a regulation of KCa3.1 by AMPK in a functional epithelium through protein/protein interactions involving the 1-subunit of AMPK.

potassium channel; protein-protein interactions; cystic fibrosis

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