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MEMBRANE TRANSPORTERS, ION CHANNELS, AND PUMPS
1Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Graduate School of the CAS, Shanghai; 2Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, SJTUSM and SIBS, CAS, Shanghai; and 3Physiological Laboratory of Hypoxia, SIBS, CAS, Shanghai, China
Submitted 19 October 2005 ; accepted in final form 17 November 2005
We have previously demonstrated that intermittent high-altitude (IHA) hypoxia significantly attenuates ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury-induced excessive increase in resting intracellular Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i). Because the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) play crucial roles in regulating [Ca2+]i and both are dysfunctional during I/R, we tested the hypothesis that IHA hypoxia may prevent I/R-induced Ca2+ overload by maintaining Ca2+ homeostasis via SR and NCX mechanisms. We thus determined the dynamics of Ca2+ transients and cell shortening during preischemia and I/R injury in ventricular cardiomyocytes from normoxic and IHA hypoxic rats. IHA hypoxia did not affect the preischemic dynamics of Ca2+ transients and cell shortening, but it significantly suppressed the I/R-induced increase in resting [Ca2+]i levels and attenuated the depression of the Ca2+ transients and cell shortening during reperfusion. Moreover, IHA hypoxia significantly attenuated I/R-induced depression of the protein contents of SR Ca2+ release channels and/or ryanodine receptors (RyRs) and SR Ca2+ pump ATPase (SERCA2) and SR Ca2+ release and uptake. In addition, a delayed decay rate time constant of Ca2+ transients and cell shortening of Ca2+ transients observed during ischemia was accompanied by markedly inhibited NCX currents, which were prevented by IHA hypoxia. These findings indicate that IHA hypoxia may preserve Ca2+ homeostasis and contraction by preserving RyRs and SERCA2 proteins as well as NCX activity during I/R.
intracellular Ca2+ concentration; Ca2+ transients; Ca2+ transporters; myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity
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