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RECEPTORS AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION

Granule neurons in cerebellum express distinct splice variants of the inositol trisphosphate receptor that are modulated by calcium

Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210

Submitted 15 December 2003 ; accepted in final form 27 May 2004

Primary cultures of granule cells (GC) from rat cerebellar cortex were used to determine whether bioelectric activity, via a Ca²⁺/calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK) signaling cascade, modulates expression and exon selection in the inositol trisphosphate receptor type 1 (IP₃R1). IP₃R1 contains or lacks three exons (S1, S2, and S3) that are regulated in a regionally and temporally specific manner. The neuronal, or long, form of IP₃R1 is distinguished from peripheral tissues by inclusion of the S2 exon. Although previous studies indicated that IP₃R1 are undetectable in the cerebellar granular layer in vivo, receptor protein and mRNA are induced in cultured GC grown in medium supplemented with 25 mM KCl or NMDA, two trophic agents that promote long-term survival, compared with GC grown in 5 mM KCl. IP₃R1 induction in response to 25 mM KCl or NMDA is attenuated by coaddition of voltage-sensitive calcium channel or NMDA receptor antagonists, respectively. Actinomycin D, CaMK, and calcineurin antagonists likewise suppress induction. Unlike the major variants of IP₃R1 in Purkinje neurons, which lack S1 and S3, GC grown with trophic agents express mRNA containing these exons. Both neuronal types contain S2. Evidence obtained using mutant mice with Purkinje cell lesions, laser-microdissected GC neurons from slices, and explant cultures indicates that GC predominantly express the S1-containing variant of IP₃R1 in vivo.

calmodulin; exon selection

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