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-dependent
redox-mediated iNOS expression in hepatocytes
1 Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710; and 2 National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20817
Nitric oxide (NO),
endogenously synthesized by inducible NO synthase (iNOS), serves
antioxidant and antiapoptotic functions in settings characterized
by oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines such as sepsis and
shock. However, the redox-sensitive mechanisms regulating hepatocyte
expression of iNOS are largely unknown. In interleukin-1
(IL-1
)-stimulated hepatocytes exposed to superoxide, we demonstrate
that hepatocyte nuclear factor-4
(HNF-4
) acts as an activator of
redox-associated hepatocyte iNOS expression at the level of protein,
mRNA, and promoter activation. In the absence of HNF-4
, this
redox-mediated enhancement is ablated. HNF-4
functional activity is
associated with a unique serine/threonine kinase-mediated
phosphorylation pattern. This suggests that a redox-sensitive kinase
pathway targets HNF-4
to augment hepatocyte iNOS expression.
Previous studies have not addressed a redox-dependent kinase signaling
pathway that targets HNF-4
and enhances hepatocyte iNOS gene
transcription. A unique pattern of phosphorylation determines HNF-4
activity as a trans-activator of IL-1
-mediated hepatocyte iNOS expression in the presence of oxidative stress.
kinase; phosphorylation; nitric oxide; Cre-lox; transcription; inducible nitric oxide synthase; hepatocyte nuclear factor-4
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