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Departments of 2 Medicine and 3 Anatomy and Structural Biology and 1 Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461
Casein kinase 2 (CK2) is a
tetrameric enzyme constitutively expressed in all eukaryotic tissues.
The two known isoforms of the catalytic subunit, CK2
and CK2
',
have been reported to have distinct tissue-dependent subcellular
distributions. We recently described a third isoform of the catalytic
subunit, designated CK2
", which is highly expressed in liver.
Immunoblot analysis of HuH-7 human hepatoma cell fractions as well as
immunofluorescent microscopy revealed that CK2
" was exclusively
localized to the nucleus and preferentially associated with the nuclear
matrix. CK2
and CK2
' were found in nuclear, membrane, and
cytosolic compartments. Deletion of the carboxy-terminal 32 amino acids from the CK2
" sequence resulted in release of the truncated green fluorescent protein fusion protein from the nuclear matrix and redistribution to both the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Demonstration that the carboxy terminus is necessary but not sufficient for nuclear
retention indicates that the underlying mechanism of CK2
" nuclear
localization is dependent on the secondary structure of the holoenzyme
directed by the carboxy-terminal sequence.
nuclear matrix association; human hepatoma cell line HuH-7; casein kinase 2-green fluorescent protein fusion protein
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