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B induced by IL-1
inhibits elastin transcription and
myofibroblast phenotype
Pulmonary Center and Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, and Boston Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
Interleukin (IL)-1
released after
lung injury regulates the production of extracellular matrix
components. We found that IL-1
treatment reduced the rate of elastin
gene transcription by 74% in neonatal rat lung fibroblasts. Deletion
analysis of the rat elastin promoter detected a cis-acting
element located at
118 to
102 bp that strongly bound Sp1 and Sp3
but not nuclear factor (NF)-
B. This element mediated IL-1
-induced
inhibition of the elastin promoter. IL-1
treatment did not affect
the level of Sp1 but did induce translocation of the p65 subunit of
NF-
B. Overexpression of p65 decreased elastin promoter activity and markedly reduced elastin mRNA. Immunoprecipitation studies indicated an
interaction between the p65 subunit and Sp1 protein. Microarray analysis of mRNA isolated after overexpression of p65 or treatment with
IL-1
revealed downregulation of
-smooth muscle actin and calponin
mRNAs. Expression of these genes is associated with the myofibroblast
phenotype. These results indicate that IL-1
activates the nuclear
localization of NF-
B that subsequently interacts with Sp1 to
downregulate elastin transcription and expression of the myofibroblast phenotype.
nuclear factor-
B; interleukin-1
; Sp1
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