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Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 282: C1087-C1092, 2002. First published December 12, 2001; doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00454.2001
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Vol. 282, Issue 5, C1087-C1092, May 2002

Estrogen pretreatment protects males against hypoxia-induced immune depression

Markus W. Knöferl, Martin G. Schwacha, Doraid Jarrar, Martin K. Angele, Keith Fragoza, Kirby I. Bland, and Irshad H. Chaudry

Center for Surgical Research and Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294

Hypoxemia depresses cell-mediated immune functions in males, whereas proestrous females do not show such a depression. We hypothesized that elevated systemic estradiol levels in proestrous females prevent hypoxemia-induced immune depression. To study this hypothesis, male C3H/HeN mice were pretreated with 17beta -estradiol (E2, 40 µg/kg body wt sc) or vehicle for 3 days before induction of hypoxemia and again immediately before induction of hypoxia. The mice were subjected to hypoxemia (95% N2-5% O2) or sham hypoxemia (room air) for 60 min, and plasma and spleen cells were collected 2 h later. In vehicle-treated mice, splenocyte proliferation and interleukin-2 and interleukin-3 production were depressed after hypoxemia. E2-pretreated animals, however, displayed no such depression in splenic T cell parameters after hypoxemia. Splenic macrophage cytokine production was also depressed in vehicle-treated mice subjected to hypoxia, whereas it was normal in E2-pretreated mice. In summary, these findings indicate that administration of E2 before hypoxemia prevented the depression of cell-mediated immune functions. Thus administration of 17beta -estradiol in high-risk patients before major surgery might decrease hypoxemia-induced immune depression under those conditions.

inflammation; cytokines; estradiol; gender


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