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-Nørrelykke1,3,
2
1 Physiology Program, Department of Environmental Health,
Harvard School of Public Health, Boston 02115; 2 Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
02215; and 3 Rugjer Bo
kovi
Institute, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia
The tensegrity hypothesis holds that the
cytoskeleton is a structure whose shape is stabilized predominantly by
the tensile stresses borne by filamentous structures. Accordingly, cell
stiffness must increase in proportion with the level of the tensile
stress, which is called the prestress. Here we have tested that
prediction in adherent human airway smooth muscle (HASM) cells.
Traction microscopy was used to measure the distribution of contractile stresses arising at the interface between each cell and its substrate; this distribution is called the traction field. Because the traction field must be balanced by tensile stresses within the cell body, the
prestress could be computed. Cell stiffness (G) was measured by oscillatory magnetic twisting cytometry. As the contractile state of
the cell was modulated with graded concentrations of relaxing or
contracting agonists (isoproterenol or histamine, respectively), the
mean prestress (

tensegrity; mechanical stress; traction; cytoskeleton; actin microfilaments
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