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Departments of 1 Pediatrics and 2 Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610
Fetal growth and development are
dependent on the delivery of amino acids from maternal amino acid pools
to the fetal blood. This is accomplished via transfer across the apical
and basal plasma membrane of the placental syncytiotrophoblast. The aim of this study was to determine whether inhibition of system A (amino
acid transporter) was associated with a decrease in fetal weight in the
rat. System A is a ubiquitous Na+-dependent amino acid
transporter that actively transports small zwitterionic amino acids. In
brief, system A was inhibited by infusing a nonmetabolizable synthetic
amino acid analog, 2-(methylamino)isobutyric acid from days
7-20 of gestation. On day 20, the rats were killed and tissues (maternal liver, fetuses, and placentas) were collected for
analysis. The degree of system A inhibition was determined, as was the
impact of said inhibition on fetal and maternal weights, system
A-mediated placental transport, and placental system A-mediated transporter expression. Our results suggest that when system A is
inhibited, fetal weight is diminished [control group: 
3.55 ± 0.04 g (n = 113), experimental group: 3.29 ± 0.04 g (n = 128)], implying an integral role
for system A transport in fetal growth and development in the rat.
fetus; placenta; nutrition; intrauterine growth retardation
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