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conductance in toad
skin by blockers of Cl
channels and
transporters
1 Department of Physiology, University of Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; and 2 Department of Biology, Technion, Haifa, Israel
We
compared the effects exerted by two classes of Cl
transport inhibitors on a Cl
-selective, passive anion
transport route across the skin of Bufo viridis, the
conductance (GCl) of which can be activated by
transepithelial voltage perturbation or high cAMP at short circuit.
Inhibitors of antiporters (erythrosine, eosin) or cotransporters
(furosemide) reduced voltage-activated GCl with
IC50 of 6 ± 1, 54 ± 12, and 607 ± 125 µM, respectively; they had no effect on the cAMP-induced GCl. The voltage for half-maximal activation of
GCl (V50) increased compared with controls, but effects on the maximal
GCl at more positive clamp potentials were
small. Cl
channel blockers from the
diphenylamino-2-carboxylic acid (DPC) family [dichloro-DPC,
niflumic acid, flufenamic acid, and
5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid] reduced the
voltage-activated GCl with IC50 of
8.3 ± 1.2, 10.5 ± 0.6, 16.5 ± 3.4, and 36.5 ± 11.4 µM, respectively, and also inhibited the cAMP-induced
GCl, albeit with slightly larger IC50. V50 was not significantly
changed compared with controls; the maximal GCl
was strongly reduced. We conclude that the pathway for Cl
is composed of the conductive pore proper, which is blocked by the
derivatives of DPC, and a separate, voltage-sensitive regulator, which
is influenced by blockers of cotransporters or antiporters. This
influence is partly overcome by increasing the clamp potential and
removed by high concentrations of cAMP, which renders the pathway
insensitive to voltage.
diphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid; fenamates; eosin; furosemide; voltage-activated chloride conductance
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