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Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7400
Flavonoids, polyphenolic compounds that exist widely
in plants, inhibit cell proliferation and increase cell differentiation in many cancerous and noncancerous cell lines. Because terminal differentiation of preadipocytes to adipocytes depends on proliferation of both pre- and postconfluent preadipocytes, we predicted that flavonoids would inhibit adipogenesis in the 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cell
line. The flavonoids genistein and naringenin inhibited proliferation of preconfluent preadipocytes in a time- and dose-dependent manner. When added to 2-day postconfluent preadipocytes at the induction of
differentiation, genistein inhibited mitotic clonal expansion, triglyceride accumulation, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-
expression, but naringenin had no effect. The
antiadipogenic effect of genistein was not due to inhibition of insulin
receptor subtrate-1 tyrosine phosphorylation. When added 3 days after
induction of differentiation, neither flavonoid inhibited
differentiation. In fully differentiated adipocytes, genistein
increased basal and epinephrine-induced lipolysis, but naringenin had
no significant effects. These data demonstrate that genistein and
naringenin, despite structural similarity, have differential effects on
adipogenesis and adipocyte lipid metabolism.
genistein; naringenin; preadipocytes; adipocytes; peroxisome
proliferator-activated receptor-; insulin receptor substrate-1
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