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1 Laboratoire de Plasticité Neuromusculaire, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France; and 2 Faculty of Biology, University of Constance, D-78457 Constance, Germany
To investigate the plasticity
of slow and fast muscles undergoing slow-to-fast transition, rat soleus
(SOL), gastrocnemius (GAS), and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles
were exposed for 14 days to 1) unweighting by hindlimb
suspension (HU), or 2) treatment with the
2-adrenergic agonist clenbuterol (CB), or 3)
a combination of both (HU-CB). In general, HU elicited atrophy, CB
induced hypertrophy, and HU-CB partially counteracted the HU-induced atrophy. Analyses of myosin heavy (MHC) and light chain (MLC) isoforms
revealed HU- and CB-induced slow-to-fast transitions in SOL (increases
of MHCIIa with small amounts of MHCIId and MHCIIb) and the
upregulation of the slow MHCIa isoform. The HU- and CB-induced changes
in GAS consisted of increases in MHCIId and MHCIIb
("fast-to-faster transitions"). Changes in the MLC composition of
SOL and GAS consisted of slow-to-fast transitions and mainly
encompassed an exchange of MLC1s with MLC1f. In addition, MLC3f was
elevated whenever MHCIId and MHCIIb isoforms were increased. Because
the EDL is predominantly composed of type IID and IIB fibers, HU, CB,
and HU-CB had no significant effect on the MHC and MLC patterns.
extensor digitorum longus; gastrocnemius; hindlimb suspension; myosin; slow-to-fast transition; soleus
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