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1 First Department of Internal Medicine and 4 Central Research Laboratory, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki-city, Osaka 569-8686; 2 Department of Pharmacology, Development Research Laboratories, Kaken Pharmaceutical Company, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607; and 3 First Laboratory for Pharmacological Research Institute for Life Science Research, Asahi Chemical Industry Company, Tagata-gun, Shizuoka 416-0934, Japan
Migration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells (SMC) contribute to neointimal formation after arterial injury. However, the relation between migration and proliferation in these cells is obscure. To discriminate between migration and proliferation, we employed a migration assay of SMC at different phases of the cell cycle. Serum-deprived SMC were synchronized in different phases of the cell cycle by addition of serum for various periods of time. Migration induced by platelet-derived growth factor B-chain homodimer was maximal in SMC that were predominantly in the late G1 (G1b) phase. In addition, in nonsynchronized SMC, 65-75% of SMC that had migrated were in the G1b phase. Phosphorylated myosin light chain was enriched around the cell periphery in SMC in the G1b phase compared with SMC in the other cell cycle phases. Interestingly, the Triton X-100-insoluble fraction of myosin was remarkably decreased in G1b-enriched SMC. These findings suggest that migratory activity of SMC may be coupled with the G1b phase. The phosphorylation and retention of myosin might explain some of the properties responsible for increased migration.
myosin; atherosclerosis
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