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-myosin heavy chain gene in
soleus muscle of suspended and weight-bearing rats
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, California 92697
In the weight-bearing
hindlimb soleus muscle of the rat, ~90% of muscle fibers express the
-myosin heavy chain (-MHC) isoform protein. Hindlimb suspension
(HS) causes the MHC isoform population to shift from toward the
fast MHC isoforms. Our aim was to establish a model to test the
hypothesis that this shift in expression is transcriptionally regulated
through specific cis elements of the -MHC promoter. With the
use of a direct gene transfer approach, we determined the activity of
different length -MHC promoter fragments, linked to a firefly
luciferase reporter gene, in soleus muscle of control and HS rats. In
weight-bearing rats, the relative luciferase activity of the longest
-promoter fragment (
3500 bp) was threefold higher than the
shorter promoter constructs, which suggests that an enhancer sequence
is present in the upstream promoter region. After 1 wk of HS, the
reporter activities of the 3500-, 914-, and 408-bp
promoter constructs were significantly reduced (~40%), compared with
the control muscles. However, using the 215-bp construct, no
differences in promoter activity were observed between HS and control
muscles, which indicates that the response to HS in the rodent appears
to be regulated within the 408 and 215 bp of the promoter.
-myosin heavy chain promoter; direct gene transfer; hindlimb
suspension; dual luciferase
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