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Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 467, Faculté de Médecine Necker-Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
Hypertonicity has pleiotropic effects on cell function,
including activation of transporters and regulation of gene expression. It is important to investigate the action of hypertonicity on cystic
fibrosis gene expression because cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), the cAMP-regulated
Cl
channel, regulates ion
transport across the secretory epithelia, which are often in a
hypertonic environment. We found that adding >150 mosmol/l NaCl,
urea, or mannitol to the culture medium reduced the amount of CFTR mRNA
in colon-derived HT-29 cells in a time-dependent manner. Studies with
inhibitors of various kinases [H-89 (protein kinase A inhibitor),
bisindolylmaleimide (protein kinase C inhibitor), staurosporine
(serine/threonine kinase inhibitor) and herbimycin A (tyrosine kinase
inhibitor), SB-203580 and PD-098059 (mitogen-activated protein kinase
inhibitors)] showed that CFTR gene expression and its decrease by
added NaCl required p38 kinase cascade activity. The CFTR gene activity
is regulated at the transcriptional level, since adding NaCl diminished
the luciferase activity of HeLa cells transiently transfected with the
CFTR promoter. This regulation requires protein synthesis. The
complexity of the reactions involved in blocking CFTR gene
transcription by NaCl strongly suggests that the decrease in CFTR mRNA
is part of a general cell response to hyperosmolar stress.
cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene expression; extracellular sodium chloride; mitogen-activated protein kinases; p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase
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