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Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 276: C1443-C1446, 1999;
0363-6143/99 $5.00
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Vol. 276, Issue 6, C1443-C1446, June 1999

RAPID COMMUNICATION
Molecular mechanism underlying a Cx50-linked congenital cataract

J. D. Pal1, V. M. Berthoud2, E. C. Beyer2, D. Mackay3, A. Shiels3, and L. Ebihara1

1 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Finch University of Health Sciences/The Chicago Medical School, North Chicago 60064; 2 Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637; and 3 Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Ophthalmology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110

Mutations in gap junctional channels have been linked to certain forms of inherited congenital cataract (D. Mackay, A. Ionides, V. Berry, A. Moore, S. Bhattacharya, and A. Shiels. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 60: 1474-1478, 1997; A. Shiels, D. Mackay, A. Ionides, V. Berry, A. Moore, and S. Bhattacharya. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 62: 526-532, 1998). We used the Xenopus oocyte pair system to investigate the functional properties of a missense mutation in the human connexin 50 gene (P88S) associated with zonular pulverulent cataract. The associated phenotype for the mutation is transmitted in an autosomal dominant fashion. Xenopus oocytes injected with wild-type connexin 50 cRNA developed gap junctional conductances of ~5 µS 4-7 h after pairing. In contrast, the P88S mutant connexin failed to form functional gap junctional channels when paired homotypically. Moreover, the P88S mutant functioned in a dominant negative manner as an inhibitor of human connexin 50 gap junctional channels when coinjected with wild-type connexin 50 cRNA. Cells injected with 1:5 and 1:11 ratios of P88S mutant to wild-type cRNA exhibited gap junctional coupling of ~8% and 39% of wild-type coupling, respectively. Based on these findings, we conclude that only one P88S mutant subunit is necessary per gap junctional channel to abolish channel function.

connexin 50; gap junction; P88S; dominant negative inhibition


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