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1 Department of Physiology and Biophysics and 2 Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee 38163
Signal transducers
and activators of transcription (STATs) are cytoplasmic proteins that
bind to activated membrane receptors, undergo ligand-dependent
phosphorylation on tyrosine residues, and translocate to the nucleus,
where they induce transcription of specific genes in response to a
variety of ligands, including cytokines and some growth factors. Using
immunocytochemical and biochemical techniques, we investigated the
localization and responses of STAT1 and STAT2 to epidermal growth
factor (EGF) stimulation in IEC-6 intestinal epithelial cells and HeLa
cells. These studies provide the first description of STAT activation
and localization in response to EGF in intestinal epithelial cells and
some novel findings regarding the activation and localization of STATs
in general. These include the following. First, EGF promoted the tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1 in IEC-6 cells and caused its translocation to the nucleus. Second, in the absence of EGF stimulation both STAT1 and STAT2 were localized to the Golgi apparatus in IEC-6
cells. Third, EGF caused the translocation of STAT2 to the nucleus in
both IEC-6 and HeLa cells without inducing the tyrosine phosphorylation
of STAT2.
signal transducers and activators of transcription; immunocytochemistry; Golgi apparatus; interferon; epidermal growth factor receptor
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