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1 Department of Surgery,
Interaction of
the
2-integrin complex on the
polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) with intercellular adhesion
molecule-1 (ICAM-1) has been implicated in PMN-mediated cytotoxicity.
This study examined interaction of the CD11a, CD11b, and CD18 subunits
of the
2-integrin with ICAM-1,
transfected into Chinese hamster ovarian (CHO) cells to avoid effects
of other adhesion molecules. Incubation of quiescent PMNs with
wild-type and ICAM-1-transfected CHO cells produced nominal cell lysis.
Similarly, when phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-activated PMNs were
incubated with wild-type CHO cells, minimal cytotoxicity was produced.
However, when ICAM-1-transfected CHO cells were incubated with
PMA-activated PMNs, 40% cell lysis occurred. Blockade with a
monoclonal antibody (MAb) to ICAM-1 or MAbs to CD11a, CD11b, or CD18
reduced PMN-mediated cytotoxicity to baseline. To examine the role of
adhesion in cytotoxicity, we studied
2-integrin-mediated PMN
adhesion to ICAM-1-transfected CHO cells and found that MAbs for CD11a,
CD11b, and CD18 all abrogated PMN cytotoxicity despite disparate
effects on adhesion. To assess the role of CD18,
2-integrin subunits were
cross-linked, and CD18 alone mediated protease release. Moreover,
ICAM-1 was immunoprecipitated from transfected CHO cells and incubated
with PMNs. This soluble ICAM-1 provoked elastase release, similar to
PMA, which could be inhibited by MAbs to CD18 but not MAbs to other
2-integrin subunits. In
addition, coincubation with protease inhibitors eglin C and AAPVCK
reduced PMN-mediated cytotoxicity to control levels. Finally,
ICAM-1-transfected CHO cells were exposed to activated PMNs from a
patient with chronic granulomatous disease that caused significant cell
lysis, equivalent to that of PMNs from normal donors. Collectively,
these data suggest that ICAM-1 provokes PMN-mediated cytotoxicity via
CD18-mediated protease release.
transfection; adhesion molecules; integrins; neutrophil degranulation
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