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Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 274: C1065-C1074, 1998;
0363-6143/98 $5.00
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Vol. 274, Issue 4, C1065-C1074, April 1998

Growth factor-like phospholipids generated after corneal injury

Károly Liliom1,2, Zhiwei Guan1, Jih-Lie Tseng3, Dominic M. Desiderio3,4,5, Gábor Tigyi1, and Mitchell A. Watsky1

1 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, 3 The Charles B. Stout Neuroscience Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, 4 Department of Neurology, and 5 Department of Biochemistry, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee 38163; and 2 Institute of Enzymology, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary

The present study provides evidence that growth factor-like glycerophosphate mediators of the lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) family are present in the aqueous humor and the lacrimal gland fluid of the rabbit eye. By use of a combination of HPLC, two-dimensional TLC, mass spectrometry, and the Xenopus oocyte bioassay, the LPA-like phospholipids LPA, cyclic PA, alkenyl-glycerophosphate (GP), lysophosphatidylserine, and phosphatidic acid were detected as physiological constituents of the fluids bathing the cornea. Corneal injury resulted in an increased production of some of these mediators. Alkenyl-GP, a novel member of the LPA family, has been identified in postinjury aqueous humor, establishing that it is generated endogenously. LPA and its homologues were found to be mitogenic in freshly dissociated keratocytes from uninjured corneas. There appears to be a link between the occurrence of LPA responsiveness in keratocytes activated by injury and the increase in LPA-like activity in aqueous humor. These data suggest that LPA and its homologues are involved in maintaining the integrity of the normal cornea and in promoting cellular regeneration of the injured cornea.

lysophosphatidic acid; lipid mediator; chloride current; wound healing; keratocyte; lacrimal gland; aqueous humor


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