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Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 271: C589-C594, 1996;
0363-6143/96 $5.00
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AJP - Cell Physiology, Vol 271, Issue 2 C589-C594, Copyright © 1996 by American Physiological Society


ARTICLES

Epsilon-isoenzyme of protein kinase C induces a Ca(2+)-independent contraction in vascular smooth muscle

A. Horowitz, O. Clement-Chomienne, M. P. Walsh and K. G. Morgan
Program in Smooth Muscle Research, Charles A. Dana Research Institute, Harvard-Thorndike Laboratory, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

We provide here the first direct evidence for in situ functional specificity of protein kinase C (PKC)-epsilon as a regulator of smooth muscle contractility. PKC is known to cause a Ca(2+)-independent contraction of ferret aortic smooth muscle, and the expression of two Ca(2+)-independent PKC isoenzymes, epsilon and zeta, has been demonstrated in this tissue. To test directly the hypothesis that one of these isoenzymes regulates contractility, constitutively active forms of PKC-epsilon and PKC-zeta were applied to saponin-permeabilized single ferret aortic smooth muscle cells. PKC-zeta caused no significant force response, but PKC-epsilon induced contraction of a magnitude (105 +/- 8 micrograms) similar to that produced by phenylephrine (110 +/- 10 micrograms), a relatively selective alpha 1-adrenergic agonist that triggers a PKC-dependent contraction. The PKC-epsilon-induced contraction was reversed by the PKC pseudosubstrate inhibitory peptide, PKC19-31. The myosin light chain kinase inhibitor 1-(5-chloronaphthalene-1-sulfonyl)-1H-hexahydro-1,4-diazepine (ML-9) did not affect the force response of PKC-epsilon-activated cells, suggesting that PKC-epsilon may induce this contraction solely via thin filament disinhibition. In support of this conclusion, calponin and caldesmon were shown to be good in vitro substrates of PKC-epsilon but not of PKC-zeta.


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