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Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 268: C799-C822, 1995;
0363-6143/95 $5.00
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AJP - Cell Physiology, Vol 268, Issue 4 C799-C822, Copyright © 1995 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Physiological roles and properties of potassium channels in arterial smooth muscle

M. T. Nelson and J. M. Quayle
Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Colchester 05446, USA.

This review examines the properties and roles of the four types of K+ channels that have been identified in the cell membrane of arterial smooth muscle cells. 1) Voltage-dependent K+ (KV) channels increase their activity with membrane depolarization and are important regulators of smooth muscle membrane potential in response to depolarizing stimuli. 2) Ca(2+)-activated K+ (KCa) channels respond to changes in intracellular Ca2+ to regulate membrane potential and play an important role in the control of myogenic tone in small arteries. 3) Inward rectifier K+ (KIR) channels regulate membrane potential in smooth muscle cells from several types of resistance arteries and may be responsible for external K(+)-induced dilations. 4) ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels respond to changes in cellular metabolism and are targets of a variety of vasodilating stimuli. The main conclusions of this review are: 1) regulation of arterial smooth muscle membrane potential through activation or inhibition of K+ channel activity provides an important mechanism to dilate or constrict arteries; 2) KV, KCa, KIR, and KATP channels serve unique functions in the regulation of arterial smooth muscle membrane potential; and 3) K+ channels integrate a variety of vasoactive signals to dilate or constrict arteries through regulation of the membrane potential in arterial smooth muscle.


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Fetal cerebrovascular acclimatization responses to high-altitude, long-term hypoxia: a model for prenatal programming of adult disease?
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, January 1, 2005; 288(1): R16 - R24.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol.Home page
T. L. Pallone, C. Cao, and Z. Zhang
Inhibition of K+ conductance in descending vasa recta pericytes by ANG II
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, December 1, 2004; 287(6): F1213 - F1222.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
X. Wang, C. Yin, L. Xi, and R. C. Kukreja
Opening of Ca2+-activated K+ channels triggers early and delayed preconditioning against I/R injury independent of NOS in mice
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 2004; 287(5): H2070 - H2077.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
Y. Cheng, J. F. Ndisang, G. Tang, K. Cao, and R. Wang
Hydrogen sulfide-induced relaxation of resistance mesenteric artery beds of rats
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 2004; 287(5): H2316 - H2323.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
Z.-J. Fu, M.-J. Xie, L.-F. Zhang, H.-W. Cheng, and J. Ma
Differential activation of potassium channels in cerebral and hindquarter arteries of rats during simulated microgravity
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, October 1, 2004; 287(4): H1505 - H1515.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol.Home page
S. Ling, J.-Z. Sheng, and A. P. Braun
The calcium-dependent activity of large-conductance, calcium-activated K+ channels is enhanced by Pyk2- and Hck-induced tyrosine phosphorylation
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, September 1, 2004; 287(3): C698 - C706.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
O. Platoshyn, C. V. Remillard, I. Fantozzi, M. Mandegar, T. T. Sison, S. Zhang, E. Burg, and J. X.-J. Yuan
Diversity of voltage-dependent K+ channels in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, July 1, 2004; 287(1): L226 - L238.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
S. A. Barman, S. Zhu, and R. E. White
PKC activates BKCa channels in rat pulmonary arterial smooth muscle via cGMP-dependent protein kinase
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, June 1, 2004; 286(6): L1275 - L1281.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Appl. Physiol.Home page
S. M. Grenon, S. Hurwitz, N. Sheynberg, X. Xiao, C. D. Ramsdell, C. L. Mai, C. Kim, R. J. Cohen, and G. H. Williams
Role of individual predisposition in orthostatic intolerance before and after simulated microgravity
J Appl Physiol, May 1, 2004; 96(5): 1714 - 1722.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 StrokeHome page
S. Chrissobolis and C. G. Sobey
Influence of Gender on K+-Induced Cerebral Vasodilatation
Stroke, March 1, 2004; 35(3): 747 - 752.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
K. D. Luykenaar, S. E. Brett, B. N. Wu, W. B. Wiehler, and D. G. Welsh
Pyrimidine nucleotides suppress KDR currents and depolarize rat cerebral arteries by activating Rho kinase
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, March 1, 2004; 286(3): H1088 - H1100.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
C. V. Remillard and J. X.-J. Yuan
Activation of K+ channels: an essential pathway in programmed cell death
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, January 1, 2004; 286(1): L49 - L67.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
S. A. Barman, S. Zhu, and R. E. White
Protein kinase C inhibits BKCa channel activity in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, January 1, 2004; 286(1): L149 - L155.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
N. Thengchaisri and L. Kuo
Hydrogen peroxide induces endothelium-dependent and -independent coronary arteriolar dilation: role of cyclooxygenase and potassium channels
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, December 1, 2003; 285(6): H2255 - H2263.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
B. C. Linden, E. R. Resnik, K. J. Hendrickson, J. M. Herron, T. J. O'Connor, and D. N. Cornfield
Chronic intrauterine pulmonary hypertension compromises fetal pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell O2 sensing
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, December 1, 2003; 285(6): L1354 - L1361.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
S. A. Gupte, M. Arshad, S. Viola, P. M. Kaminski, Z. Ungvari, G. Rabbani, A. Koller, and M. S. Wolin
Pentose phosphate pathway coordinates multiple redox-controlled relaxing mechanisms in bovine coronary arteries
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, December 1, 2003; 285(6): H2316 - H2326.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
M. Tanaka, H. Kanatsuka, B.-H. Ong, T. Tanikawa, A. Uruno, T. Komaru, R. Koshida, and K. Shirato
Cytochrome P-450 metabolites but not NO, PGI2, and H2O2 contribute to ACh-induced hyperpolarization of pressurized canine coronary microvessels
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 2003; 285(5): H1939 - H1948.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
J. Han, N. Kim, H. Joo, and E. Kim
Ketamine blocks Ca2+-activated K+ channels in rabbit cerebral arterial smooth muscle cells
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 7, 2003; 285(3): H1347 - H1355.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
C. J. Mingone, S. A. Gupte, T. Iesaki, and M. S. Wolin
Hypoxia enhances a cGMP-independent nitric oxide relaxing mechanism in pulmonary arteries
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, August 1, 2003; 285(2): L296 - L304.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
M. T. Lin, D. A. Hessinger, W. J. Pearce, and L. D. Longo
Developmental differences in Ca2+-activated K+ channel activity in ovine basilar artery
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, July 11, 2003; 285(2): H701 - H709.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol.Home page
J. Ross and W. M. Armstead
Differential role of PTK and ERK MAPK in superoxide impairment of KATP and KCa channel cerebrovasodilation
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, July 1, 2003; 285(1): R149 - R154.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
S. A. Barman, S. Zhu, G. Han, and R. E. White
cAMP activates BKCa channels in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle via cGMP-dependent protein kinase
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, June 1, 2003; 284(6): L1004 - L1011.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
H. M. O. Farouque and I. T. Meredith
Relative contribution of vasodilator prostanoids, NO, and KATP channels to human forearm metabolic vasodilation
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, June 1, 2003; 284(6): H2405 - H2411.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Neurosci.Home page
D. Gebremedhin, K. Yamaura, C. Zhang, J. Bylund, R. C. Koehler, and D. R. Harder
Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Activation Enhances the Activities of Two Types of Ca2+-Activated K+ Channels in Rat Hippocampal Astrocytes
J. Neurosci., March 1, 2003; 23(5): 1678 - 1687.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol.Home page
G. C. Amberg, S. D. Koh, Y. Imaizumi, S. Ohya, and K. M. Sanders
A-type potassium currents in smooth muscle
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, March 1, 2003; 284(3): C583 - C595.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
N. Kim, J. Han, and E. Kim
Effects of prostaglandin F2alpha on membrane currents in rabbit middle cerebral arterial smooth muscle cells
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, March 1, 2003; 284(3): H1018 - H1027.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Appl. Physiol.Home page
D. M. Keller, W. L. Wasmund, D. W. Wray, S. Ogoh, P. J. Fadel, M. L. Smith, and P. B. Raven
Carotid baroreflex control of leg vascular conductance at rest and during exercise
J Appl Physiol, February 1, 2003; 94(2): 542 - 548.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol.Home page
T. L. Pallone, Z. Zhang, and K. Rhinehart
Physiology of the renal medullary microcirculation
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, February 1, 2003; 284(2): F253 - F266.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
H. M. O. Farouque and I. T. Meredith
Inhibition of vascular ATP-sensitive K+ channels does not affect reactive hyperemia in human forearm
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, February 1, 2003; 284(2): H711 - H718.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
S.-X. Wang, M. Ikeda, and W. B. Guggino
The Cytoplasmic Tail of Large Conductance, Voltage- and Ca2+-activated K+ (MaxiK) Channel Is Necessary for Its Cell Surface Expression
J. Biol. Chem., January 17, 2003; 278(4): 2713 - 2722.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Appl. Physiol.Home page
T. Karkanis, L. DeYoung, G. B. Brock, and S. M. Sims
Ca2+-activated Cl- channels in corpus cavernosum smooth muscle: a novel mechanism for control of penile erection
J Appl Physiol, January 1, 2003; 94(1): 301 - 313.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
J. C. Frisbee, K. G. Maier, and D. W. Stepp
Oxidant stress-induced increase in myogenic activation of skeletal muscle resistance arteries in obese Zucker rats
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, December 1, 2002; 283(6): H2160 - H2168.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
V. Hampl, J. Bibova, Z. Stranak, X. Wu, E. D. Michelakis, K. Hashimoto, and S. L. Archer
Hypoxic fetoplacental vasoconstriction in humans is mediated by potassium channel inhibition
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, December 1, 2002; 283(6): H2440 - H2449.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Appl. Physiol.Home page
A. Yaghi, S. Mehta, and D. G. McCormack
Delayed rectifier potassium channels contribute to the depressed pulmonary artery contractility in pneumonia
J Appl Physiol, September 1, 2002; 93(3): 957 - 965.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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