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Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 265: C453-C459, 1993;
0363-6143/93 $5.00
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AJP - Cell Physiology, Vol 265, Issue 2 C453-C459, Copyright © 1993 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Insulin uptake and processing by cultured mouse glomerular endothelial cells

R. Rabkin, T. Tsao, S. J. Elliot, L. J. Striker and G. E. Striker
Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Palo Alto.

Endothelial cells isolated from a variety of vascular beds bind and transport insulin but exhibit relatively low insulin degrading activity. Because endothelial cells exhibit heterogeneity and since kidney is a major site of insulin degradation, we studied the processing of insulin by glomerular endothelial cells (GEC). When exposed to 2 x 10(-10) M 125I-labeled insulin, GEC associated with the hormone in a specific manner. This interaction was inhibited by insulin but not by a number of unrelated peptide hormones. Over a 90-min period, GEC degraded 42 +/- 3% of the 125I-insulin, as measured by solubility in trichloroacetic acid (TCA). Degradation was inhibited 90% by an excess of insulin or adrenocorticotropic hormone (10(-6) M) and 57% by glucagon, whereas growth hormone and calcitonin were without effect. Separation of plasma membrane bound from internalized insulin was achieved by decreasing extracellular pH. In the steady state, 43% of cell-associated insulin was membrane bound and 57% internalized. The fate of the internalized 125I-insulin was examined by incubating acid-washed cells at 37 degrees C for 60 min. Over this time 18% of the radioactivity was released as TCA insoluble- and 72% as TCA-soluble radioactivity. Release was increased by insulin (10(-6) M) but not by unrelated peptide hormones. In the presence of chloroquine, 125I-insulin release increased by one third while degradation fell. High-performance liquid chromatography revealed that GEC released both intact insulin and large intermediates and that chloroquine inhibited intermediate formation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)


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