Am J Physiol Cell Physiol AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
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Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 235: C143-C146, 1978;
0363-6143/78 $5.00
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AJP - Cell Physiology, Vol 235, Issue 3 143-C146, Copyright © 1978 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

A piezoelectric force transducer for single muscle cells

Y. L. Chiu, S. Karwash and L. E. Ford

A cantilevered piezoelectric force transducer is described. The cantilevered element has a 6-mm glass extension that can be projected into a horizontal muscle bath from above. By adjusting the length of the piezoelectric bar from 1 to 4 mm, the sensitivity of the device can be varied between 25 and 100 mV/mN (0.25--1.0 mV/mg) with its resonant frequency varying inversely between 8 and 15 kHz. Although moderately fragile, the sensing elements are inexpensive and easily made. The output of the sensing element is amplified by a small, unity-gain, high-input-resistance amplifier mounted on a support block with the element. Although the arrangement does not provide a DC output, its time constant of over 500 s is sufficiently long for measuring tension during muscle contractions lasting 1--2 s.


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M. D. Barb, A. B. Morris, R. Maass-Moreno, J. Ragozzino, and L. E. Ford
Versatile, high-speed force transducer using a laser diode beam as an optical lever
J Appl Physiol, January 1, 2000; 88(1): 308 - 314.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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