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Am J Physiol Cell Physiol (July 1, 2009). doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00519.2008
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Submitted on October 10, 2008
Revised on June 5, 2009
Accepted on June 25, 2009

Mechanisms underlying Andersen's syndrome pathology in skeletal muscle are revealed in human myotubes

Sabrina Sacconi, Dina Simkin1, Nicole Arrighi, Françoise Chapon, Marie-Madeleine Larroque, Savine Vicart, Damien Sternberg, Bertrand Fontaine2, Jacques Barhanin3, Claude Desnuelle, and Saïd Bendahhou1*

1 CNRS
2 INSERM U546,Faculte de Medecine Pitie-Salpetriere
3 CNRS Sophia-Antipolis, France

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: said.bendahhou{at}unice.fr.

Andersen's syndrome is a rare disorder that has been defined with a triad: periodic paralysis, cardiac arrhythmia, and development anomalies. Muscle weakness has been reported in two-thirds of the patients. KCNJ2 remains the only gene linked to Andersen's syndrome; this gene encodes for the alpha subunit of the strong inward rectifier K+ channel Kir2.1. Several studies have shown that Andersen's syndrome mutations lead to a loss of function of the potassium channel activity in vitro. However, ex vivo studies on isolated patient muscle tissue have not been reported. We have performed muscle biopsies of controls and patients presenting with clinically and genetically defined Andersen's syndrome disorder. Myoblasts were cultured and characterized morphologically and functionally using the whole cell patch clamp technique. No morphological difference was observed between Andersen's syndrome and control myoblasts at each passage of the cell culture. Cellular proliferation and viability were quantified in parallel with direct cell counts and showed no difference between control and Andersen's syndrome patients. Moreover, our data show no significant difference in myoblast fusion index among Andersen's syndrome and control patients. Current recordings carried out on myotubes revealed the absence of an inwardly rectifying Ba2+-sensitive current in affected patient cells. One consequence of the Ik1 current loss in Andersen's syndrome myotubes is a shift of the resting membrane potential towards depolarizing potentials. Our data describe for the first time the functional consequences of Andersen's syndrome mutations ex vivo and provide clues to the K+ channel pathophysiology in skeletal muscle.







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