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Fig. 1.   Reactive oxygen species (ROS) specifically affect collagen synthesis in neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts. Neonatal (A) and adult (B) cardiac fibroblasts were treated for 24 h with DMEM alone, H₂O₂ (0.05-5 µM), or xanthine plus xanthine oxide (XXO; 500 µM + 0.001-0.1 mU/ml). Fibroblasts were treated in the presence of [³H]leucine (total protein synthesis) or [³H]proline (last 4 h; collagen synthesis), and [³H]leucine incorporation and collagenase-sensitive [³H]proline incorporation were determined. Data for [³H]leucine are calculated as dpm/1,000 cells. Data for collagenase-sensitive [³H]proline incorporation are calculated as the percent of total protein synthesis. Means ± SE from 6-12 experiments. Significance was determined by Student's t-test; *P  0.05.